挠性航天器姿态机动的变论域自整定模糊PID控制

建立了带有太阳翼的挠性航天器的姿态动力学模型,应用改进的罗德里格参数来描述姿态运动学模型。针对挠性航天器模型参数不确定性和环境干扰等问题,提出了变论域自整定模糊比例积分微分(PID)控制方案,构建了计算简单并且可以达到控制精度的伸缩因子。基于Matlab/Simulink进行了仿真验证,结果表明,变论域自整定模糊PID 控制响应速度比传统PID控制、模糊PID控制快350s,且无超调,不仅能够使航天器完成对目标姿态的机动,而且能够有效地抑制挠性太阳翼的振动。     

宽温域柔性接头弹性件本构模型适用性研究

针对宽温域丁异戊橡胶弹性件开展了-55、-40、20、65℃下的单轴拉伸试验与剪切试验,研究其在不同温度下本构模型的适用性,验证了本构模型由一种变形对其他变形的预测能力,在此基础上采用有限元方法分析了各模型的计算误差,确定了丁异戊橡胶在不同温度不同应变下所适用的本构模型。结果表明,阶数越高的本构模型预测能力越差,低阶的Neo-Hookean模型预测能力最好,同时在丁异戊橡胶弹性件的有限元计算中,-55～20℃本构模型采用Yeoh模型与三阶五项式模型最好,20～65℃采用Yeoh模型计算精度最高。     

Investigating the soil removal characteristics of flexible tube coring method for lunar exploration

Compared with other technical solutions, sampling the planetary soil and returning it back to Earth may be the most direct method to seek the evidence of extraterrestrial life. To keep sample’s stratification for further analyzing, a novel sampling method called flexible tube coring has been adopted for China future lunar explorations. Given the uncertain physical properties of lunar regolith, proper drilling parameters should be adjusted immediately in piercing process. Otherwise, only a small amount of core could be sampled and overload drilling faults could occur correspondingly. Due to the fact that the removed soil is inevitably connected with the cored soil, soil removal characteristics may have a great influence on both drilling loads and coring results. To comprehend the soil removal characteristics, a non-contact measurement was proposed and verified to acquire the coring and removal results accurately. Herein, further more experiments in one homogenous lunar regolith simulant were conducted, revealing that there exists a sudden core failure during the sampling process and the final coring results are determined by the penetration per revolution index. Due to the core failure, both drilling loads and soil’s removal states are also affected thereby.     

模态密集空间结构的振幅优化鲁棒自适应控制

针对可控性差且具有参数不确定性的模态密集空间结构，提出一种基于振幅优化的鲁棒自适应控制方法，通过减小可控性差模态的振幅来改进控制性能。首先对结构的标称模型进行振幅优化设计，然后以之为参考模型对实际结构进行自适应控制设计。理论上证明了，对于一定范围的参数时变不确定性，该方法能保证被控结构的渐近稳定。仿真结果表明，该方法也具有良好的动态性能。     

Deployment dynamics for flexible deployable primary mirror of space telescope with paraboloidal and laminated structure by using absolute node coordinate method

A nonlinear dynamic modeling method for primary mirror of Flower-like Deployable Space Telescope (F-DST) undergoing large deployment motion is proposed in this paper. To ensure pointing accuracy and attitude stability of the paraboloidal primary mirror, the mirror is discretized into equal thickness shell elements by considering shell curvature. And the material nonlinear constitutive relation of flexible mirror is acquired using Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation (ANCF). Furthermore, the primary mirror of F-DST can be regarded as a clustered multi-body system, and its dynamic equations of elastic deformation and deployment motion are established by virtual work principle. Finally, the deployment motion of primary mirror by different driving conditions are simulated, the results show that the vibrations of mirrors that driven by elastic hinge device are more than that driven by servo motor. In addition, single sub-mirror deployment process will perturb the pointing accuracy of primary mirror, and the multiple sub-mirrors simultaneously deploying will seriously affect all the sub-mirrors surface accuracy because of the coupling effect. Thus, there are theoretical value and practical significance for the controlling surface accuracy and attitude accuracy of space telescope.     

FASTMast伸展机构屈曲模式的理论分析与试验

针对空间站盘绞式（FASTMast）伸展机构在轨工作的承载与变形特点,从理论角度对以伸展机构后屈曲柔性条作为弹性支承的屈曲模式进行了分析。结果表明：在后屈曲柔性条达到临界刚度之前,伸展机构屈曲模式表现为肘关节运动,与伸展机构对角拉索无关;达到临界刚度之后,屈曲模式表现为欧拉屈曲,而后屈曲柔性条的刚度与其截面惯性矩成正比。通过与试验结果的对比,验证了理论分析的正确性,同时也为其它同类机构的设计和试验提供了参考依据。     

大型索网式可展开天线在轨高精度指向控制

以星载大型索网式可展开天线为对象,研究在轨工作过程中天线视轴高精度高稳定度指向控制方法。首先,基于Craig-Bampton法建立表征天线指向的动力学模型;然后针对天线振动对视轴指向的影响,设计PD反馈+陷波滤波器的控制算法;进一步分析影响指向精度的因素,设计带有调节滤波器的改进控制器以减小天线视轴指向的周期性误差,提高指向精度与稳定度。最后,给出数值仿真校验的结果并与现有的方法进行比较。结果表明,所提出的控制算法在保证天线指向稳定的同时,可以有效减小天线视轴的指向偏差,并对干扰与振动具有良好的鲁棒性。     

Prescribed fast tracking control for flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicles: An event-triggered case

In this paper, a prescribed fast tracking control scheme is proposed for Flexible Air-breathing Hypersonic Vehicles (FAHV) subject to lumped disturbances and limited resources. To maintain tracking errors of velocity and altitude converge to a predefined region with a prescribed time and release the transient intense fluctuations encountered in classical Prescribed Performance Control (PPC) using a fast decaying rate, a tracking differentiator-based PPC is presented, where the reaching time and the maximum time differentiation of preselected envelopes can be regulated as a prior via fixing an acceleration factor, so that a guaranteed fast convergence speed can be realized with reduced oscillations. Besides, to avoid the excessive occupation of limited resources (energy and communication) and guarantee a remarkable tracking accuracy, switching event-triggered mechanisms are constructed for FAHV control realization, which provide a promising way to pursue a desired level of tracking performance with a low energy consumption. Subsequently, Uncertainty and Disturbance Estimators (UDE) and Sigmoid function-based Tracking Differentiators (STD) are employed to provide disturbance estimation and reference derivation with a low computational complexity. Finally, robust control laws are designed to compensate for the sampling error induced by event-triggered conditions, meanwhile Zeno phenomena can be effectively eliminated. The simulation results and comparisons validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

二氧化硅气凝胶的等效热导率理论

应用分子运动论对二氧化硅气凝胶的传热机理进行了研究。根据其微观结构特点,建立了纳米孔隙模型。考虑气体分子间的相互作用力,推导了纳米孔隙内气体的热导率,得到了二氧化硅气凝胶内气体热导率的表达式。建立了二氧化硅气凝胶固相结构单元导热模型,运用分子运动论推导了固相结构的热导率,获得了二氧化硅气凝胶的总体等效热导率。结果表明,影响二氧化硅气凝胶内气体热导率的主要因素是气体的平均分子自由程与分子之间以及分子与壁面之间的相互作用,固相结构单元的直径和接触界面的直径是影响固相结构单元热导率的主要因素,而二氧化硅气凝胶孔隙尺寸的分布严重影响其等效热导率。